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Where are the “permaculture scientists?” you asked. . .

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This is a question I hear a lot, either first-hand, or by referral: “Susan, we could only think of you and [insert name of published scientist(s) with a peer-reviewed article with permaculture in the title, usually including Dr. Rafter Sass Ferguson]. I have been collecting papers for a long time now, but only recently sat down to get a clear list of who’s-who out there publishing peer-reviewed work on permaculture, in a scientific community.

I put these into four main groups, several of which intersect:

    1. Scientists with a peer-reviewed publication specific to permaculture as a farming or food production system
    2. Scientists with a peer-reviewed publication specific to permaculture but not as a farming or food production system, i.e. as applied in a social or educational context
    3. People with a scientific background, practicing and teaching permaculture, but without peer-reviewed publication(s)
    4. People with holistic research relevant to permaculture and related disciplines (e.g. regenerative agriculture, agroecology) but who do not explicitly use the term permaculture.

In the list names are ordered roughly by date of first publication, but no doubt some are a little out of order due to cross-over of authorship and multiple publication dates.

Also, this list is destined to be permanently incomplete. No doubt there are dozens of other researchers, from early grad students to professors, independent researchers and educators without institutional affiliations, that should be listed here. Each year, new students enter the university stream, and new researchers graduate, enter tenured positions, and publish new work.

If you don’t see your name here, but think you should, let me know, with a link to your work and if possible, a PDF of your publication(s). (Same applies, if you know of someone that should be added).

One of my favourite places growing up: Arlene Macdonalds garden and hand-built log home in Dunster, British Columbia, Canada.

Scientists with a peer-reviewed publication specific to permaculture as a farming or food production system

  1. Dr. John R. Jungck (doesn’t appear to be actively doing permaculture-related research now)
    • Jungck, J. R. (1985). Perennial Polyculture, Permaculture and Preservation: The Principle of Diversity. The American Biology Teacher, 47(2), 72–75. https://doi.org/10.2307/4447952
  2. Dr. James R. Veteto
  3. Dr. Josh Lockyer, Arkansas Tech University
  4. Dr. Christopher J. Rhodes
  5. Dr. Sarah Lovell, College of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources at University of Missouri (RSF’s dissertation supervisor)
    • Google Scholar link
    • Ferguson, R. S., & Lovell, S. T. (2014). Permaculture for agroecology: Design, movement, practice, and worldview. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0181-6
    • Lovell, S. T., DeSantis, S., Nathan, C. A., Olson, M. B., Ernesto Méndez, V., Kominami, H. C., Erickson, D. L., Morris, K. S., & Morris, W. B. (2010). Integrating agroecology and landscape multifunctionality in Vermont: An evolving framework to evaluate the design of agroecosystems. Agricultural Systems, 103(5), 327–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2010.03.003
  6. Dr. Rafter Sass Ferguson, Union of Concerned Scientists
    • Ferguson, R. S., & Lovell, S. T. (2014). Permaculture for agroecology: Design, movement, practice, and worldview. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0181-6
    • Toensmeier, E., Ferguson, R., & Mehra, M. (2020). Perennial vegetables: A neglected resource for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and nutrition. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0234611. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234611
  7. Dr. A. June Brawner
  8. Eric Toensmeier, Perennial Solutions
    • Kreitzman, M., Toensmeier, E., Chan, K. M. A., Smukler, S., & Ramankutty, N. (2020). Perennial Staple Crops: Yields, Distribution, and Nutrition in the Global Food System. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.588988
    • Toensmeier, E. (2016). The Carbon Farming Solution: A Global Toolkit of Perennial Crops and Regenerative Agriculture Practices for Climate Change Mitigation and Food Security. Chelsea Green Publishing.
    • Toensmeier, E. (2017). Perennial Staple Crops and Agroforestry for Climate Change Mitigation. In F. Montagnini (Ed.), Integrating Landscapes: Agroforestry for Biodiversity Conservation and Food Sovereignty (pp. 439–451). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69371-2_18
    • Toensmeier, E., Ferguson, R., & Mehra, M. (2020). Perennial vegetables: A neglected resource for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and nutrition. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0234611. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234611
  9. Dr. Mark D. Hathaway, Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies, University of Toronto
    • ResearchGate
    • Hathaway, M. & Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas. (2015). The Practical Wisdom of Permaculture: An Anthropoharmonic Phronesis for Moving toward an Ecological Epoch. Environmental Ethics, 37(4), 445–463. https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics201537442
    • Hathaway, M. D. (2016). Agroecology and permaculture: Addressing key ecological problems by rethinking and redesigning agricultural systems. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 6(2), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-015-0254-8
  10. Dr. Jeremy L. Caradonna
  11. Dr. Frédérique Apffel-Marglin, Smith College, Massachusetts
    • Faculty (emerita) webpage
    • See also related publications, non-farming and non-permaculture but related to social aspects relevant to permaculture, on her faculty page
  12. Dr. Sonja Bach
    • Krebs, J., & Bach, S. (2018). Permaculture—Scientific Evidence of Principles for the Agroecological Design of Farming Systems. Sustainability, 10(9), 3218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093218
  13. Julius Krebs, PhD student at Universitat Koblanz-Landau, Germany
    • Krebs, J., & Bach, S. (2018). Permaculture—Scientific Evidence of Principles for the Agroecological Design of Farming Systems. Sustainability, 10(9), 3218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093218
  14. Dr. Thomas W. Henfrey, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Change (cE3c), CCIAM – Climate Change research group, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Portugal, 2Schumacher Institute for Sustainable Systems, Bristol, UK.
    • Henfrey, T. W. (2018). Designing for resilience: Permaculture as a transdisciplinary methodology in applied resilience research. Ecology and Society, 23(2), art33. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09916-230233
  15. Félix de Tombeur, PhD student University of Liège, Belgium
  16. John Cassel
    • Profile on LifeBoat and LinkedIn
    • Currently at Wolfram Scientific as a research programmer
    • Cassel, J. B., & Cousineau, S. V. (2018). Permaculture as a Systemic Design Practice. In P. Jones & K. Kijima (Eds.), Systemic Design: Theory, Methods, and Practice (pp. 293–318). Springer Japan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55639-8_10
  17. Susan Cousineau, MSc.
    • Cassel, J. B., & Cousineau, S. V. (2018). Permaculture as a Systemic Design Practice. In P. Jones & K. Kijima (Eds.), Systemic Design: Theory, Methods, and Practice (pp. 293–318). Springer Japan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55639-8_10
  18. Dr. Sabine Gruber, U Hohenheim, Institute of Crop Science, Professor
    • Fiebrig, I., Zikeli, S., Bach, S., & Gruber, S. (2020). Perspectives on permaculture for commercial farming: Aspirations and realities. Organic Agriculture, 10(3), 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-020-00281-8
  19. Immo Fiebrig
    • Fiebrig, I., & Van De Wiel, M. (2021). Usefulness of Surface Water Retention Reservoirs Inspired by ‘Permaculture Design’: A Case Study in Southern Spain Using Bucket Modelling. In S. Hülsmann & M. Jampani (Eds.), A Nexus Approach for Sustainable Development: Integrated Resources Management in Resilient Cities and Multifunctional Land-use Systems (pp. 57–79). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57530-4_5
    • Fiebrig, I., Zikeli, S., Bach, S., & Gruber, S. (2020). Perspectives on permaculture for commercial farming: Aspirations and realities. Organic Agriculture, 10(3), 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-020-00281-8

Scientists with a peer-reviewed publication specific to permaculture but not as a farming or food production system, e.g. as applied in a social or educational context

Just two examples of publications for now; there is certainly more excellent work in this area to follow up on.

  • Roux-Rosier, A., Azambuja, R., & Islam, G. (2018). Alternative visions: Permaculture as imaginaries of the Anthropocene. Organization, 25(4), 550–572. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508418778647
  • Corazon, S. S., Stigsdotter, U. K., Moeller, M. S., & Rasmussen, S. M. (2012). Nature as therapist: Integrating permaculture with mindfulness- and acceptance-based therapy in the Danish Healing Forest Garden Nacadia. European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling, 14(4), 335–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642537.2012.734471

People with a scientific background, practicing and teaching permaculture [design], but without peer-reviewed publication(s) in the subject of permaculture.

This is a list most definitely missing names and I’m working to comb through various PDCs and forums worldwide to add names to the list. Contributions welcome! I’m specifically looking for folks that are actually 1) teaching permaculture per se, not related areas, and 2) identify (e.g. in their bios and various aspects of their work) as scientists, e.g. a degree in natural sciences such as biology, geology, etc.; this would ultimately get far too broad without those constraints.

  1. Brock Dolman, Occidental Arts & Ecology Center, and Regenerative Design Institute, California
    • BA Biology and Environmental Studies (Honors), University of California Santa Cruz (1992)
  2. Rebecca Ellis, [PhD student Geography at Western University](https://www.rotman.uwo.ca/portfolio-items/ellis-rebecca/#:~:text=Rebecca Ellis is a Social,between people and urban bees.)
    • Faculty on Permaculture Women’s Guild online PDC
  3. Neil Bertrando, BSc., Nevada

Soil comparison demonstration with Didi Pershouse and Peter Donovan, 2017

People with holistic research relevant to permaculture and related disciplines (e.g. regenerative agriculture, agroecology) but who do not explicitly use the term permaculture.

Note that this list is especially incomplete and denotes only a small fraction of the much larger academic scholarship of agroecology as a field; and regenerative agriculture, which is rapidly growing but generally is 8applied in a crop science or rangeland management/grazing context. I have thus primarily included researchers whose work has a context, e.g. urban gardens, small organic farming, and highly diverse systems, that people seem to typically associate with the term ‘permaculture’.

  1. Dr. Lauren Ponisio, University of Oregon
    • Ponisio, L., & Ehrlich, P. (2016). Diversification, Yield and a New Agricultural Revolution: Problems and Prospects. Sustainability, 8(11), 1118. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8111118
  2. Dr. Sabine Zikeli, U Hohenheim, Center for Organic Farming, Managing Director
    • Weselek, A., Ehmann, A., Zikeli, S., Lewandowski, I., Schindele, S., & Högy, P. (2019). Agrophotovoltaic systems: Applications, challenges, and opportunities. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 39(4), 35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-019-0581-3
    • Pingault, N., Caron, P., Kolmans, A., Lemke, S., Kalafatic, C., Zikeli, S., Waters-bayer, A., Callenius, C., & Qin, Y. (2020). Moving beyond the opposition of diverse knowledge systems for food security and nutrition. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(1), 291–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62807-8
  3. Dr. Kevin Morel, French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE)
    • https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kevin-Morel
    • Léger, F., Morel, K., Bellec-Gauche, A., & Warlop, F. (2018). Agroforestry market gardening: A strategic choice to improve sustainability in agroecological transition? International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 11. http://www.escijournals.net/IJAE
    • Morel, A. C., Hirons, M., Adu Sasu, M., Quaye, M., Ashley Asare, R., Mason, J., Adu-Bredu, S., Boyd, E., McDermott, C. L., Robinson, E. J. Z., Straser, R., Malhi, Y., & Norris, K. (2019). The Ecological Limits of Poverty Alleviation in an African Forest-Agriculture Landscape. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2019.00057
    • Morel, K., Revoyron, E., San Cristobal, M., & Baret, P. V. (2020). Innovating within or outside dominant food systems? Different challenges for contrasting crop diversification strategies in Europe. PLOS ONE, 15(3), e0229910. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229910
  4. D. Niki Mazaroli, M. E. S. M., University of California Santa Barbara
  5. Dr. Craig Elevitch
    • Elevitch, C. R., Mazaroli, D. N., & Ragone, D. (2018). Agroforestry Standards for Regenerative Agriculture. Sustainability, 10(9), 3337. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093337
  6. Dr. Claire Chenu, AgroParisTech (INRA)
  7. Sarah Hirschfeld, MSc.
  8. Dr. Miguel Altieri, University of California Berkeley
  9. Dr. Steve Gliessman, University of California Santa Cruz
  10. Dr. Liz Carlisle, University of California Santa Barbara
  11. Dr. Jonathan Lundgren (Blue Dasher Farm)
    • Fenster, T. L. D., LaCanne, C. E., Pecenka, J. R., Schmid, R. B., Bredeson, M. M., Busenitz, K. M., Michels, A. M., Welch, K. D., & Lundgren, J. G. (2021). Defining and validating regenerative farm systems using a composite of ranked agricultural practices. F1000Research, 10, 115. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.28450.1
    • See also BDF papers (2000-2011) here
  12. Dr. Helda Morales, Agroecologia, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Mexico
  13. Dr. Stacey Philpott, University of California Santa Cruz
  14. Dr. Bruce Ferguson, Sustainable Food Systems Initiative
    • Alfaro-Arguello, R., Diemont, S. A. W., Ferguson, B. G., Martin, J. F., Nahed-Toral, J., David Álvarez-Solís, J., & Ruíz, R. P. (2010). Steps toward sustainable ranching: An emergy evaluation of conventional and holistic management in Chiapas, Mexico. Agricultural Systems, 103(9), 639–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2010.08.002
    • Ferguson, B. G., & Morales, H. (2010). Latin American Agroecologists Build a Powerful Scientific and Social Movement. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 34(4), 339–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/10440041003680049
    • Khadse, A., Rosset, P. M., Morales, H., & Ferguson, B. G. (2018). Taking agroecology to scale: The Zero Budget Natural Farming peasant movement in Karnataka, India. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 45(1), 192–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2016.1276450

List of all journal articles* currently in my database with ‘permaculture’ in the title:

*Note that some authors listed below do not appear in the lists above. This is either because their research and previous work is focused on conventional areas of study, and they are an author because they are mentoring a graduate student or have some other affiliation with the topic, but don’t have any other association with permaculture research; or because I quite simply haven’t gotten to ferreting them out, finding links to their current affiliations and work, and updating lists above.

  1. Egan, C., Benyon, D., & Thompson, R. (2017). Permaculture as a foundation for sustainable interaction design and UX. https://doi.org/10.14236/ewic/HCI2017.93
  2. Epuran, G., Tescașiu, B., Tecău, A.-S., Ivasciuc, I.-S., & Candrea, A.-N. (2021). Permaculture and Downshifting-Sources of Sustainable Tourism Development in Rural Areas. Sustainability, 13(1), 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010230
  3. Fadaee, S. (2019a). The permaculture movement in India: A social movement with Southern characteristics. Social Movement Studies, 18(6), 720–734. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2019.1628732
  4. Fadaee, S. (2019b). The permaculture movement in India: A social movement with Southern characteristics. Social Movement Studies, 18(6), 720–734. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2019.1628732
  5. Ferguson, R., & Lovell, S. (2017). Diversification and labor productivity on US permaculture farms. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 34, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170517000497
  6. Ferguson, R. S., & Lovell, S. T. (2014). Permaculture for agroecology: Design, movement, practice, and worldview. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0181-6
  7. Fiebrig, I., Zikeli, S., Bach, S., & Gruber, S. (2020a). Perspectives on permaculture for commercial farming: Aspirations and realities. Organic Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-020-00281-8
  8. Fiebrig, I., Zikeli, S., Bach, S., & Gruber, S. (2020b). Perspectives on permaculture for commercial farming: Aspirations and realities. Organic Agriculture, 10(3), 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-020-00281-8
  9. Grichting, A. (2017). A productive permaculture campus in the desert: Visions for Qatar University. https://kobra.uni-kassel.de/handle/123456789/2017042052383
  10. Grunewald, P., Habib, B., & van der Velden, N. (2020). Collaborative ecosystem emergence: Growing coherence and effectiveness in decentralised permaculture networks. https://doi.org/10.26181/5fd00dece8db4
  11. Harland, M. (2017). Permaculture: Tools for Making Women’s Lives More Abundant. Feminist Theology, 25(3), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0966735017693769
  12. Härmälä, I. V. (2014). Transformative Islamic Ecology—Beliefs and Practices of Muslims for Sustainable Agriculture and Permaculture. http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/4587278
  13. Hathaway, M. & Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas. (2015). The Practical Wisdom of Permaculture: An Anthropoharmonic Phronesis for Moving toward an Ecological Epoch. Environmental Ethics, 37(4), 445–463. https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics201537442
  14. Hathaway, M. D. (2016a). Agroecology and permaculture: Addressing key ecological problems by rethinking and redesigning agricultural systems. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 6(2), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-015-0254-8
  15. Hathaway, M. D. (2016b). Agroecology and permaculture: Addressing key ecological problems by rethinking and redesigning agricultural systems. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 6(2), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-015-0254-8
  16. Henfrey, T. (2018). Designing for resilience: Permaculture as a transdisciplinary methodology in applied resilience research. Ecology and Society, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09916-230233
  17. Henfrey, T., & Ford, L. (2018). Permacultures of transformation: Steps to a cultural ecology of environmental action. Journal of Political Ecology, 25(1), 104–119. https://doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22758
  18. Henfrey, T. W. (2018). Designing for resilience: Permaculture as a transdisciplinary methodology in applied resilience research. Ecology and Society, 23(2), art33. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09916-230233
  19. Herzen, B. V., Theuretzbacher, T., Newman, J., Webber, M., Zhu, C., Katz, J. S., & Ramaswamy, M. (2017). A Feasibility Study of an Integrated Air Conditioning , Desalination and Marine Permaculture System in Oman. ICTEA: International Conference on Thermal Engineering, 2017. https://journals.library.ryerson.ca/index.php/ictea/article/view/46
  20. Hirschfeld, S., & Acker, R. V. (2021). Review: Ecosystem services in permaculture systems. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 0(0), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2021.1881862
  21. Hockin-Grant, K. J., & Yasué, M. (2017). The effectiveness of a permaculture education project in Butula, Kenya. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(4), 432–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1335570
  22. Ingram, J., Maye, D., Kirwan, J., Curry, N., & Kubinakova, K. (2014a). Learning in the Permaculture Community of Practice in England: An Analysis of the Relationship between Core Practices and Boundary Processes. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 20(3), 275–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2014.887756
  23. Ingram, J., Maye, D., Kirwan, J., Curry, N., & Kubinakova, K. (2014b). Learning in the Permaculture Community of Practice in England: An Analysis of the Relationship between Core Practices and Boundary Processes. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 20(3), 275–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2014.887756
  24. Jungck, J. R. (1985). Perennial Polyculture, Permaculture and Preservation: The Principle of Diversity. The American Biology Teacher, 47(2), 72–75. https://doi.org/10.2307/4447952
  25. Krebs, J., & Bach, S. (2018a). Permaculture—Scientific Evidence of Principles for the Agroecological Design of Farming Systems. Sustainability, 10(9), 3218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093218
  26. Krebs, J., & Bach, S. (2018b). Permaculture—Scientific Evidence of Principles for the Agroecological Design of Farming Systems. Sustainability, 10(9), 3218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093218
  27. Lapoutte, A. (2020). The problem is the solution: Can permaculture management regenerate social economy enterprises? Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 91(3), 479–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12278
  28. Lockyer, J. (2017). Permaculture and climate change adaptation: Inspiring ecological, social, economic, and cultural responses for resilience and transformation. Local Environment, 22(7), 912–914. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2017.1289161
  29. Luchkina, C. (2016). Online Permaculture Resources: An Evaluation of a Selected Sample. Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal, 20(1). https://scholarworks.uark.edu/inquiry/vol20/iss1/7
  30. Luna, J. M., Dávila, E. R., & Reynoso-Morris, A. (2018). Pedagogy of Permaculture and Food Justice. Educational Foundations, 31, 57–85. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1193673
  31. Massicotte, M.-J., & Kelly-Bisson, C. (2019). What’s wrong with permaculture design courses? Brazilian lessons for agroecological movement-building in Canada. Agriculture and Human Values, 36(3), 581–594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-018-9870-8
  32. Mayer, A.-M. (2019). Nutrition-sensitive outcomes of a permaculture project in Nepal. Field Exchange 59, 51. www.ennonline.net/fex/59/permaculturenepal
  33. Miller, J. H. (2001). The Principles of Permaculture Design. Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture, 9(4), 53–69. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200111920922889.page
  34. Millner, N. (2017a). “The right to food is nature too”: Food justice and everyday environmental expertise in the Salvadoran permaculture movement. Local Environment, 22(6), 764–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2016.1272560
  35. Millner, N. (2017b). “The right to food is nature too”: Food justice and everyday environmental expertise in the Salvadoran permaculture movement. Local Environment, 22(6), 764–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2016.1272560
  36. Millner, N. (2017c). “The right to food is nature too”: Food justice and everyday environmental expertise in the Salvadoran permaculture movement. Local Environment, 22(6), 764–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2016.1272560
  37. Mizzi, D. (2012). (2012). Permaculture and conventional agriculture: A comparative analysis. https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/5805
  38. Mukute, M. (2009). Cultural Historical Activity Theory, Expansive Learning and Agency in Permaculture Workplaces. Southern African Journal of Environmental Education, 26, 150–166. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajee.v26i0.122818
  39. Patel, S. (2015). Plant genus Elaeagnus: Underutilized lycopene and linoleic acid reserve with permaculture potential. Fruits, 70(4), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1051/fruits/2015014
  40. Putro, R. H., & Miyaura, R. (2020). Indonesian Permaculture: Tropical Agriculture and Development, 64(3), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.11248/jsta.64.113
  41. Rhodes, C. J. (2012a). Feeding and Healing the World: Through Regenerative Agriculture and Permaculture. Science Progress, 95(4), 345–446. https://doi.org/10.3184/003685012X13504990668392
  42. Rhodes, C. J. (2012b). Feeding and Healing the World: Through Regenerative Agriculture and Permaculture. Science Progress, 95(4), 345–446. https://doi.org/10.3184/003685012X13504990668392
  43. Rivett, M. O., Halcrow, A. W., Schmalfuss, J., Stark, J. A., Truslove, J. P., Kumwenda, S., Harawa, K. A., Nhlema, M., Songola, C., Wanangwa, G. J., Miller, A. V. M., & Kalin, R. M. (2018). Local scale water-food nexus: Use of borehole-garden permaculture to realise the full potential of rural water supplies in Malawi. Journal of Environmental Management, 209, 354–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.029
  44. Roux-Rosier, A., Azambuja, R., & Islam, G. (2018a). Alternative visions: Permaculture as imaginaries of the Anthropocene: Organization. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508418778647
  45. Roux-Rosier, A., Azambuja, R., & Islam, G. (2018b). Alternative visions: Permaculture as imaginaries of the Anthropocene. Organization, 25(4), 550–572. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508418778647
  46. Stodulka, T. (2020). Worlding Permaculture School Gardens: Translocal Connectivities and Minor Utopias in Timor Leste. American Behavioral Scientist, 64(10), 1512–1525. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764220947755
  47. Suh, J. (2014). Towards Sustainable Agricultural Stewardship: Evolution and Future Directions of the Permaculture Concept. Environmental Values, 23(1), 75–98. https://doi.org/10.3197/096327114X13851122269089
  48. Symanczik, S., Gisler, M., Thonar, C., Schlaeppi, K., Van der Heijden, M., Kahmen, A., Boller, T., & Mäder, P. (2017a). Application of Mycorrhiza and Soil from a Permaculture System Improved Phosphorus Acquisition in Naranjilla. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01263
  49. Symanczik, S., Gisler, M., Thonar, C., Schlaeppi, K., Van der Heijden, M., Kahmen, A., Boller, T., & Mäder, P. (2017b). Application of Mycorrhiza and Soil from a Permaculture System Improved Phosphorus Acquisition in Naranjilla. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01263
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